ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to isolate and culture SADS cells, investigate their neurogenic capacity and evaluate their application for nerve tissue engineering
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, SADS cells were isolated from human adipose tissue. After 7-day treatment of SADS cells with insulin, indomethacin and isobutylmethylxanthine, neurogenic differentiation of SADS cells was investigated. During this study, Poly [?-caprolactone] [PCL] and PCL/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated using electrospinning and subsequently nanofibrous scaffolds were coated with platelet-rich plasma [PRP]. SADS cells were also seeded on nanofibrous scaffolds and neurogentic differentiation of these cells on nanofibers was also evaluated. Effect of PRP on proliferation and differentiation of SADS cells on scaffolds was also studied
Results: Our results showed that after 7-day treatment of SADS cells with insulin, indomethacin and isobutylmethylxanthine, SADS cells expressed markers characteristic of neural cells such as nestin and neuron specific nuclear protein [NEUN] [as early neuronal markers] as well as microtubule-associated protein 2 [MAP2] and neuronal microtubule-associated [TAU] [as mature neuronal markers] while mature astrocyte maker [GFAP] was not expressed. MTT assay and SEM results showed that incorporation of gelatin and PRP into the structure of nanofibrous scaffolds has a significant positive influence on the bioactivity of scaffolds. Our results also showed neurogentic differentiation of SADS cells on scaffolds
Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that SADS cells have potential to differentiate into early and mature progenitor neurons, in vitro. PCL/gelatin/PRP was found to be a promising substrate for proliferation of SADS cells and differentiation of these cells into neural cells which make these scaffolds a candidate for further in vivo experiments and suggest their application for nerve tissue engineering
ABSTRACT
The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, resulted in the avid use of new potent antibiotics. Ceftriaxone and ceftazidime, two third-generation cephalosporin, are usually used to manage complicated and uncomplicated infections. The use of cefepime in resistant infections is increasing gradually, which put this potent antibiotic at risk of resistance. During an 18-month period, a total of 220 gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas spp, Serratia spp, Acinetobacter spp, Proteus spp, E-coli and Kiebsiella spp. have been isolated by standard microbiological methods from nosocomial surgical site, abscess, blood stream and urinary tract infections. MIC of antibiotics on isolated bacteria was determined by gradient concentration method. Totally, 29.4%, 19.5% and 23.3% of isolated bacteria with MIC /= 256micro g/ml to cefepime, cefiriaxone and ceftazidime was also observed in 47.1%, 70.8% and 62.5% of cases, respectively [p<0.05]. High level resistance to cefepime were more commonly observed for pseudomonas [73.1%] and Klebsiella spp. [73.5%], respectively [p<0.05]. According to CLSI criteria, 47.1% of isolated bacteria in this study showed high level of resistance [MIC >/= 256micro g/ml] to cefepime. Therefore application of cefepime, as a drug of choice, for gram-negative organisms is not reasonable. Our result demonstrated that this potent antibiotic should not be used as a choice for empiric antibiotic therapy, in the cases of nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative organisms